Revolutionize Your Code: Unleashing the Power of C++ Loops for Efficient Programming!

Introduction

Loops provide programmers with an effective method of repeating statements multiple times, making repetitive tasks simpler while making their code more readable.

The for loop is one of the most commonly utilized loops in C++, consisting of three expressions or parts. These expressions include initialization, condition and increment. Initialization involves declaring and initializing your loop control variable while condition is an ongoing Boolean statement which examines every time an iteration of your for loop takes place and evaluates if true to continue running further or false to terminate immediately. Finally, increment alters its value each time by an amount you specify each time through.

Consider this example. You wish to calculate the factorial of a number. In order to do this, print its value a number of times; an ideal way of accomplishing this task would be using a for loop.

Here, there are two variables, t1 and t2. During initialization of a for loop, these values are set - by setting both variables initially to 0, 1 respectively.

Condition testing within a for loop allows you to check if a number is palindrome; with each iteration, the condition will be checked to see if it holds. If it does, then the for loop continues running; otherwise it terminates immediately.

C++ is a programming language with an expansive community and resources, offering developers an easy way to develop complex applications. C++'s high performance and reliability has been designed specifically for multithreaded computing environments; moreover, its versatile loop system makes executing repetitive tasks with multiple iterations simpler than ever.

The while loop is an iterative loop that executes code until it returns false to an expression test. The while loop consists of three major parts: initialization, condition statement evaluations and increment/decrement statement modifications. These elements evaluate ahead of every iteration to abort execution when an expression test evaluates as false while the increment/decrement statement modifies loop control variables - usually by adding or subtracting values to them.

This code snippet defines and initializes an integer variable num to 2. Next, using cout, it prints out each value until num2 equals 3. If this condition holds true then the cout statement gets skipped and another iteration begins.

Break/continue statements are an integral component of while loops. They allow developers to exit if any test expression evaluates to false, making this statement useful when you need to quickly check on conditions without waiting until all iterations has completed.

C++ Switch Statements

Utilize to use the switch statement to choose one of the blocks of code to execute.

Syntax

switch(expression) {
  case x:
    // code block
    break;
  case y:
    // code block
    break;
  default:
    // code block
}

Here's how it operates:

• Switch expression is evaluated once. switching phrase is evaluated only once
• The expression's value is compared to the values of each instance
• If the two match the block of code will be executed.
• Break and default keywords are optional. breaks as well as the the default keywords are optional and will be explained in the following chapter.

The following example uses for the number of days in the week to compute the name of the weekday:

Example

int day = 4;
switch (day) {
  case 1:
    cout << "Monday";
    break;
  case 2:
    cout << "Tuesday";
    break;
  case 3:
    cout << "Wednesday";
    break;
  case 4:
    cout << "Thursday";
    break;
  case 5:
    cout << "Friday";
    break;
  case 6:
    cout << "Saturday";
    break;
  case 7:
    cout << "Sunday";
    break;
}
// Outputs "Thursday" (day 4)

The break Keyword

If C++ reaches a break keyword, it is broken into the switch block.

This will prevent the execution of additional code and case tests within the block.

If a match is discovered and the test is complete then it's time to take to take a break. There's no reason for further testing.

A break can help save lots of time due to the fact that it "ignores" the execution of the remainder of the code inside the"switch block.

The default Keyword

Its default keyword specifies the code to run in the event that there isn't a case match:

Example

int day = 4;
switch (day) {
  case 6:
    cout << "Today is Saturday";
    break;
  case 7:
    cout << "Today is Sunday";
    break;
  default:
    cout << "Looking forward to the Weekend";
}
// Outputs "Looking forward to the Weekend"

C++ While Loop

Loops can execute a chunk of code, as long as a predefined requirement is met.

Loops are useful because they can save time, decrease errors and they make code accessible.

C++ While Loop

A loop that is called the while loop is a loop that runs through a block code for as long as a certain condition is real:

Syntax

while (condition) {
  // code block to be executed
}

In the following example you can see that the loop will run repeatedly until a variable ( i) is not greater than 5:

Example

int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
  cout << i << "\n";
  i++;
}

NOTE: Do not forget to increase the variable that is used for the loop, or else the loop won't end!

C++ Do/While Loop

The Do/While Loop

It is the do/while loop is a variation that is a variation of the while loop. The loop will run the code block one time, after which it will check whether the condition is valid Then it will continue the loop for as while the situation remains positive.

Syntax

do {
  // code block to be executed
}
while (condition);

The code below is the do/while loop. The loop is always executed at least one time, regardless of whether the condition is false, since it is run prior to the condition is checked:

Example

int i = 0;
do {
  cout << i << "\n";
  i++;
}
while (i < 5);

Do not forget to increase the variable used in the condition, otherwise the loop will never end!

C++ For Loop

If you are aware of the number of times you'd like for a loop to go through the chunk of code, make use of for loop instead of a for loop instead of the and loop:

Syntax

for (statement 1; statement 2; statement 3) {
  // code block to be executed
}

1. Statement executes (one time) prior to it is time to execute the block.

2. Statement describes the conditions for the execution of the block code.

3. Statement will be executed (every time) following the block of code was executed.

The following example prints the number from 0 to 4:

Example

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
  cout << i << "\n";
}

Example explained

• Statement 1 creates an array of variables before the loop is started (int I = zero).

• Statement 2 outlines the conditions for the loop to continue (i has to be lower than). When the conditions are fulfilled the loop will run over, and if the condition is not true and the loop is terminated, it will stop.

• Statement 3 raises a value (i+) every when the block of code inside the loop is executed.

Another Example

This example will print even values that are between zero and 10.

Example

for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i = i + 2) {
  cout << i << "\n";
}

Nested Loops

Also, it is possible to insert an existing loop within another. This is referred to as a nested loop.

"Inner Loop will be repeated for each repetition of the "outer loop":

Example

// Outer loop
for (int i = 1; i <= 2; ++i) {
  cout << "Outer: " << i << "\n"; // Executes 2 times

  // Inner loop
  for (int j = 1; j <= 3; ++j) {
    cout << " Inner: " << j << "\n"; // Executes 6 times (2 * 3)
  }
}

The foreach Loop

There's also the " for-each loop" (introduced in C++ version 11 (2011) that is designed to only loop through elements within arrays. array (or other data sets):

Syntax

for (type variableName : arrayName) {
  // code block to be executed
}

In the following code, you can output all the elements of an array, employing an " for-each loop":

Example

int myNumbers[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
for (int i : myNumbers) {
  cout << i << "\n";
}

NOTE: Don't worry if you don't comprehend the scenario above. Learn much more about arrays from next Blog.

C++ Break and Continue

C++ Break

You've already looked at that break statement that was used in the first section of this tutorial. It was employed for "jump out" of a switch statement.

It is also possible to use the break statement can be employed to get out of loops. loop.

This example leaps into the next loop once it is determined that i is greater than 4:

Example

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  if (i == 4) {
    break;
  }
  cout << i << "\n";
}

C++ Continue

Continue statement: The continued statement ends one repetition (in the loop) in the event that a certain circumstance occurs, and it is repeated with the next iteration within the loop.

This example omits the 4th value:

Example

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  if (i == 4) {
    continue;
  }
  cout << i << "\n";
}

Break and Continue in While Loop

It is also possible to use breaks or continue while loops to:

Break Example

int i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
  cout << i << "\n";
  i++;
  if (i == 4) {
    break;
  }
}

Continue Example

int i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
  if (i == 4) {
    i++;
    continue;
  }
  cout << i << "\n";
  i++;
}

C++ Exercises

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